September 30

September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 92 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
• 1744 – France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
• 1791 – The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart, receives its premiere performance at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.
• 1791 – The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots.
• 1813 – Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
• 1860 – Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
• 1882 – The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
• 1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
• 1895 – Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
• 1901 – Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner.
• 1903 – The new Gresham's School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
• 1906 – The Real Academia Galega, Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in Havana.
• 1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
• 1931 – Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
• 1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
• 1938 – At 2:00 am, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
• 1939 – General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
• 1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C complete Babi Yar massacre.
• 1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
• 1947 – The Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Yemen join the United Nations.
• 1947 – The World Series, featuring the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
• 1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
• 1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
• 1955 – Film icon James Dean dies in a road accident aged 24.
• 1961 – Business Leader Tim Boissinot born to Anne and John Boissinot in Toronto Canada
• 1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers.
• 1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
• 1965 – General Suharto rises to power after an alleged coup by the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto and his army massacre over a million Indonesians suspected of being communists.
• 1965 The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, was introduced.
• 1966 – The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
• 1967 – BBC Radio 1 is launched and Tony Blackburn presents its first show; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names.
• 1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time at the Boeing Everett Factory.
• 1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
• 1972 – Roberto Clemente records his 3,000th and final hit and final hit of his career.
• 1975 – The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
• 1977 – Because of US budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
• 1977 – Philippine political prisoners, Eugenio Lopez, Jr. and Sergio Osmeña III escape from Fort Bonifacio Maximum Security Prison in the Philippines.
• 1979 – The Hong Kong MTR commences service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
• 1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 1982 – Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven are killed in all.
• 1986 – Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel covert nuclear program to British media, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
• 1989 – Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
• 1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
• 1990 – The Chicago White Sox defeat the Seattle Mariners 2-1 at the final game at Comiskey Park.
• 1991 – President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
• 1993 – An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
• 1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years of service.
• 1999 – Japan's worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.
• 2004 – The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
• 2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat is retired.
• 2005 – The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
• 2006 – the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Constitutional Act that proclaimed the new Constitution of Serbia.

Births

• 1207 – Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
• 1227 – Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
• 1530 – Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
• 1550 – Michael Maestlin, German mathematician (d. 1631)
• 1631 – William Stoughton, American judge at the Salem witch trials (d. 1701)
• 1700 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (d. 1773)
• 1710 – John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771)
• 1715 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (d. 1780)
• 1732 – Jacques Necker, French finance minister of Louis XVI (d. 1804)
• 1765 – José María Morelos, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1815)
• 1800 – Decimus Burton, British architect (d. 1881)
• 1811 – Augusta of Saxe-Weimar, Queen of Prussia and German Empress (d. 1890)
• 1827 – Ellis H. Roberts, American politician (d. 1918)
• 1832 – Anna Maria Reeves Jarvis, American labor activist (d. 1905)
• 1852 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, resident in England (d. 1924)
• 1861 – William Wrigley, Jr., American industrialist (Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company) (d. 1932)
• 1870 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1942)
• 1870 – Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father of Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (d. 1948)
• 1882 – Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945)
• 1883 – Bernhard Rust, Nazi education minister (d. 1945)
• 1887 – Lil Dagover, Dutch-born German actress (d. 1980)
• 1893 – Lansdale Sasscer, American politician (d. 1964)
• 1895 – Lewis Milestone, Russian-born film director (d. 1980)
• 1897 – Alfred Wintle, British WW1 & WW2 soldier; author of "The Last Englishman" (d. 1966)
• 1898 – Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
• 1898 – Orestis Makris, Greek actor (d. 1975)
• 1898 – Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
• 1904 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (d. 1971)
• 1905 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
• 1908 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1974)
• 1912 – Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
• 1913 – Bill Walsh, American film producer and writer (d. 1975)
• 1915 – Lester Maddox, American businessman, one-time segregationist and Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Park Chunghee, President of South Korea (d. 1979)
• 1917 – Buddy Rich, American big band drummer (d. 1987)
• 1918 – Lewis Nixon, WWII Veteran (d. 1996)
• 1919 – Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (d. 1992)
• 1919 – Patricia Neway, American soprano
• 1920 – Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American musician and cellist
• 1921 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (d. 2007)
• 1922 – Alan Stretton, Australian general
• 1924 – Truman Capote, American author (d. 1984)
• 1926 – Robin Roberts, American baseball player
• 1927 – W. S. Merwin, American poet
• 1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian Holocaust survivor, author, and lecturer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1929 – Vassilis Papazachos, Greek seismologist
• 1931 – Angie Dickinson, American actress
• 1932 – Shintarō Ishihara, Japanese author and politician (Governor of Tokyo)
• 1932 – Johnny Podres, American baseball player (d. 2008)
• 1933 – Cissy Houston, American gospel/r&b singer
• 1933 – Barbara Knox, English actress
• 1934 – Alan A'Court, English footballer (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian singer
• 1934 – Anna Kashfi, Welsh actress
• 1935 – Johnny Mathis, American singer
• 1935 – Z. Z. Hill, American blues singer (d. 1984)
• 1937 – Valentin Silvestrov, Ukrainian composer
• 1937 – Jurek Becker, German author.
• 1939 – Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1939 – Len Cariou, Canadian actor
• 1940 – Samuel F. Pickering, Jr., American author and professor
• 1942 – Frankie Lymon, American singer (d. 1968)
• 1943 – Johann Deisenhofer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943 – Marilyn McCoo, American singer (The 5th Dimension)
• 1943 – Ian Ogilvy, British Actor
• 1944 – Diane Dufresne, French Canadian singer
• 1944 – Red Robbins, American basketball player (d. 2009)
• 1945 – Ehud Olmert, twelfth Prime Minister of Israel
• 1945 – Bob Lassiter, American radio personality
• 1946 – Paul Sheahan, Australian test cricketer 1967-1974
• 1946 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
• 1946 – Claude Vorilhon, founder of Raelism, a UFO religion
• 1946 – Fran Brill, American actress, voice actress and puppeteer
• 1947 – Dave Arneson, American game designer (d. 2009)
• 1947 – Marc Bolan, English musician (T. Rex) (d. 1977)
• 1947 – Rula Lenska, English actress
• 1948 – Craig Kusick, American baseball player
• 1950 – Renato Zero, Italian musician
• 1951 – Barry Marshall, Australian physician, Nobel laureate
• 1952 – Jack Wild, British actor (d. 2006)
• 1953 – Deborah Allen, American singer
• 1953 – S. M. Stirling, Canadian-born author
• 1954 – Basia Trzetrzelewska, Polish-born singer and songwriter
• 1954 – Barry Williams, American actor
• 1954 – Patrice Rushen, American musician
• 1957 – Fran Drescher, American actress
• 1958 – Marty Stuart, American musician
• 1959 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball coach
• 1960 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician
• 1961 – Eric Stoltz, American actor
• 1961 – Crystal Bernard, American actress
• 1961 – Eric van de Poele, Belgian racing driver
• 1961 – Sally Yeh, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1962 – Frank Rijkaard, Dutch football player and manager
• 1962 – Marley Marl, American rapper and record producer
• 1963 – David Barbe, American musician (Sugar)
• 1964 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress
• 1964 – Trey Anastasio, American musician (Phish)
• 1964 – Robby Takac, American singer and bassist (Goo Goo Dolls)
• 1965 – Kathleen Madigan, American comedian
• 1965 – Omid Djalili, British stand-up comedian and actor
• 1966 – Kerry G. Johnson, African American graphic designer and caricaturist
• 1966 – Gary Armstrong, Scotland rugby player
• 1969 – Chris Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1991)
• 1969 – Mark Smith, English body builder, former Gladiators player
• 1970 – Tony Hale, American actor
• 1971 – Jenna Elfman, American actress
• 1972 – Ari Behn, Norwegian author
• 1972 – Shaan, Indian singer
• 1972 – John Campbell, American musician (Lamb of God)
• 1972 – Jamal Anderson, American football player
• 1974 – Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
• 1974 – Daniel Wu, American-born Chinese film actor, director, and producer
• 1975 – Marion Cotillard, French actress
• 1975 – Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1975 – Georges-Alain Jones, French singer
• 1977 – Maia Brewton, American actress
• 1977 – Roy Carroll, Northern Irish footballer
• 1977 – Sun Jihai, Chinese footballer
• 1978 – Candice Michelle, American female wrestler
• 1978 – Róbinson Zapata, Colombian footballer (goalkeeper)
• 1979 – Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
• 1979 – Clio-Danae Othoneou, Greek actress, musician and pianist
• 1979 – Vince Chong, Malaysian singer-songwriter
• 1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer
• 1980 – Camilla D’Errico, Canadian comic book artist and painter
• 1980 – Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player
• 1981 – Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
• 1981 – Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
• 1981 – Brandon Watson, American baseball player
• 1982 – Seth Smith, American baseball player
• 1982 – Lacey Chabert, American actress
• 1982 – Kieran Culkin, American actor
• 1982 – Ola Jordan, Professional dancer
• 1982 – Tory Lane, American nude model, exotic dancer, and pornographic actress
• 1982 – Michelle Marsh, British model
• 1982 – Teal Redmann, American actress
• 1982 – Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1982 – Ryan Stout, American comedian
• 1982 – Ryane Clowe Canadian ice hockey player
• 1983 – Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
• 1983 – Adam Jones, American football player
• 1983 – T-Pain, American musician
• 1985 – Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
• 1986 – Martin Guptill, New Zealand cricketer
• 1986 – Quinn Johnson, American football player
• 1986 – Christian Zapata, Colombian footballer
• 1987 – Denise Laurel, Filipino actress and singer

Deaths

• 420 – Saint Jerome, translator of the Vulgate Bible
• 653 – Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1101 – Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan
• 1246 – Yaroslav II of Russia (b. 1191)
• 1440 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, English soldier and politician
• 1487 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
• 1551 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)
• 1560 – Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
• 1572 – St. Francis Borgia, Jesuit priest (b. 1510)
• 1581 – Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
• 1626 – Nurhaci, Manchurian chief (b. 1559)
• 1628 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (b. 1554)
• 1770 – Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat
• 1770 – George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (b. 1714)
• 1772 – James Brindley, English engineer (b. 1716)
• 1865 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian-Jewish scholar (b. 1800)
• 1888 – Elizabeth Stride, widely believed to be the third victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
• 1888 – Catherine Eddowes, widely believed to be the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1842)
• 1891 – Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (b. 1837)
• 1897 – St Therese of Lisieux, Roman Catholic saint and mystic (b. 1873)
• 1910 – Maurice Lévy, French engineer (b. 1838)
• 1913 – Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (b. 1858)
• 1941 – Alice de Janzé, American heiress (b. 1899)
• 1942 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German fighter pilot (b. 1919)
• 1943 – Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
• 1955 – James Dean, American actor (automobile accident) (b. 1931)
• 1961 – Onésime Gagnon, French Canadian politician, lieutenant-governor of Quebec (b. 1888)
• 1965 – Six generals of Indonesian National Army assassinated by counter-coup action known as 30 September Movement
• 1973 – Peter Pitseolak, Inuit photographer and author (b. 1902)
• 1974 – Carlos Prats, Chilean Constitutionalist General, assassinated in the frame of Operation Condor (b. 1915)
• 1977 – Mary Ford, American singer (Les Paul and Mary Ford) (b. 1924)
• 1978 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
• 1985 – Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
• 1985 – Charles Richter, American seismologist (b. 1900)
• 1988 – Al Holbert, American race car driver and team owner (b. 1946)
• 1989 – Virgil Thomson, American composer (b. 1896)
• 1990 – Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1912)
• 1990 – Alice Parizeau, Quebec writer and journalist (b. 1930)
• 1990 – Rob Moroso, American NASCAR driver (b. 1968)
• 1994 – Andre Michael Lwoff, French microbiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)
• 1998 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player (b. 1953)
• 2002 – Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1913)
• 2002 – Göran Kropp, Swedish adventurer and mountaineer (b. 1966)
• 2003 – Robert Kardashian, Armenian-American lawyer (b. 1944)
• 2003 – Yusuf Bey, Black Muslim leader (b. 1935)
• 2004 – Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor (b. 1936)
• 2004 – Michael Relph, British film producer and director (b. 1915)
• 2004 – Jacques Levy, Jewish American songwriter, theatre director, and clinical psychologist (b. 1935)
• 2008 – Joshua Benjamin Jeyaretnam, Singaporean politician, former Secretary-General of Workers' Party of Singapore (b. 1926)

Holidays and observances

• Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day (São Tomé and Príncipe)
• Christian Feast Day
  • Jerome
  • September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Independence Day, celebrate the independence of Botswana from United Kingdom in 1966.
• International Translation Day, introduced in 1991 by International Federation of Translators.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada